Vulnerabilidad al estrés en adolescentes de instituciones deportivas / Vulnerability to stress in teenagers in sports institutions

Fundamento: Los trastornos temporomandibulares tienen origen multifactorial y el factor psicológico ocupa un papel importante en su desencadenamiento. Objetivo: Determinar la vulnerabilidad al estrés en adolescentes de instituciones deportivas. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, en la EIDE provincial de Sancti Spíritus "Lino Salabarría Pupo" entre octubre de 2020 y marzo de 2021. Se seleccionaron 70 escolares de décimo, onceno y duodécimo grados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se midió la variable: rango de vulnerabilidad al estrés. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico. Resultados: El 51.4 %.de los estudiantes fueron clasificados con vulnerabilidad al estrés, el 40 % no vulnerables, el 8.6 % seriamente vulnerables y ninguno extremadamente vulnerables. Conclusiones: Existe un predominio de adolescentes de instituciones deportivas con vulnerabilidad al estrés.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders have a multifactorial origin and the psychological factor plays an important role in their triggering. Objective: To determine the vulnerability to stress in teenagers from sports institutions. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted at the Sancti Spíritus provincial EIDE "Lino Salabarría Pupo" between October 2020 and March 2021. Seventy schoolchildren from tenth, eleventh and twelfth grades were selected by simple random sampling. The variable range of vulnerability to stress was measured. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. Results: 51.4 % of the students were classified with vulnerability to stress, 40 % not vulnerable, 8.6 % seriously vulnerable and none extremely vulnerable. Conclusions: There is a predominance of teenagers from sports institutions with vulnerability to stress.

Sexualidade de adolescentes na unidade socioeducativa de internação: pulsões e interseções / Sexuality of adolescents in a socio-educational inpatient unit: drives and intersections / Sexualidad de adolescentes en una unidad de internación socioeducativa: impulsos e intersecciones

O artigo integra uma investigação documental em prontuários de adolescentes que cumprem medida socioeducativa de internação. Tem como objetivo explorar dados referentes à sexualidade e práticas sexuais, em interlocução com a interseccionalidade e a teoria das pulsões em Freud. As informações disponíveis nos prontuários indicam que a vida sexual ativa faz parte da realidade de muitos dos adolescentes. No entanto, oportunidades para abordar a sexualidade em sentido ampliado, que levem em conta as relações interseccionais de poder, parecem ser perdidas no cotidiano de uma unidade de internação. Ao restringir o corpo com a privação da liberdade de ir e vir, o sistema socioeducativo impacta o exercício da sexualidade de modo entrelaçado aos marcadores de gênero, classe e raça dos sujeitos adolescentes. (AU)

The article is part of a documentary investigation in medical records of adolescents who are serving a socio-educational measure of detention. It aims to explore data related to sexuality and sexual practices, in dialogue with intersectionality and the theory of drives in Freud. The information available in the medical records indicates that an active sexual life is part of the reality of many adolescents. However, opportunities to approach sexuality in a broader sense, which take into account intersectional power relations, seem to be lost in the daily life of a detention unit. By restricting the body by depriving the freedom to come and go, the socio-educational systemimpacts the exercise of sexuality in an intertwined way with the adolescent subjects' gender, class and race markers.(AU)

El artículo es parte de una investigacióndocumental en historias clínicas de adolescentes que se encuentran cumpliendo una medida socioeducativa de detención. Tiene como objetivo explorar datos relacionados con la sexualidad y las prácticas sexuales, en diálogo con la interseccionalidad y la teoría de los impulsos en Freud. La información disponible en las historias clínicas indica que una vida sexual activa es parte de la realidad de muchos adolescentes. Sin embargo, las oportunidades para abordar la sexualidad en un sentido más amplio, que toman en cuenta las relaciones de poder interseccionales, parecen perderse en la vida diaria de una unidad de detención. Al restringir el cuerpo al privar de la libertad de ir y venir, el sistema socioeducativo impacta el ejercicio de la sexualidad de manera entrelazada con los marcadores de género, clase y raza de los sujetos adolescentes. (AU)

Discursos sobre as demandas de saúde mental de jovens cumprindo medida de internação no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Discourses about mental health demands of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções discursivas do que é considerado demanda de saúde mental dos adolescentes cumprindo medida de internação nas unidades socioeducativas do Rio de Janeiro. Realizaram-se nove entrevistas com os profissionais de saúde mental do sistema socioeducativo e os resultados foram discutidos com o apoio da análise de discurso crítica de Fairclough. Foram identificados quatro grupos discursivos: o primeiro apresenta intertextualidade com o discurso psiquiátrico, o segundo com a reforma psiquiátrica, o terceiro com o discurso de determinantes sociais e o quarto com discursos institucionais de "mau" comportamento dos jovens. Conclui-se que as concepções são distintas entre os profissionais, mas não há hegemonia de um discurso. Os discursos se atravessam e se conectam especialmente na problematização dos determinantes sociais. Há sobrevalorização dos profissionais de saúde e de assistência enquanto vocalizadores das demandas. Os adolescentes têm poucas chances de expor diretamente suas necessidades e estas aparecem intermediadas pelos técnicos. Identificaram-se conflitos entre as equipes que atuam no fluxo assistencial nas demandas associadas ao "mau comportamento", pois há encaminhamentos dissociados de questões de saúde mental.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the discursive conceptions of what is considered mental health demand of young offenders serving detention measure in juvenile correctional centers in Rio de Janeiro. Nine interviews were conducted with the mental health professionals of these centers, and the results were discussed with the support of Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. Four discursive groups were identified: the first shows intertextuality with the psychiatric discourse; the second, with the Psychiatric Reform; the third, with the discourse of social determinants; and the fourth, with institutional discourses about adolescents' misbehavior. It is concluded that the conceptions are different among the professionals, but there is no single predominant discourse. The statements are related and especially linked through the discussion of social determinants. Health professionals and social workers as demand vocalizers are overvalued. Adolescents are barely given the opportunity of directly exposing their needs, and demands are mediated by technicians. We identified conflicts between staff members working in the care flow concerning the misbehavior-associated demands because some referrals are unrelated to mental health issues.

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Related Factors among Youth Law Offenders Attended by the Socioeducation Center of Ponta Grossa, Brazil

Objective:To assess the prevalence of dental caries among youth law offenders assisted by the Socioeducation Center of Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil,and to investigate associated socioeconomic and behavioral factors. Material and Methods:A sample composed of 107 young males was evaluated by using pretested forms and clinical examinations. The variables included: demographic and socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors -oral hygiene habits and use of licit and illicit drugs, self-perception of oral health -need for dental treatment and impact of oral conditions on quality of life measured by the OHIP-14 index (Oral Health Impact Profile). Caries was assessed by the DMFT index as recommended by World Health Organization. The associations were analyzed using non-parametric tests. Results:The mean age of adolescents was 16.5 years, and the sample was characterized as low education and low income. Use of illicit drugs was diagnosed as suggestive of abuse or dependence for 70.1% of individuals. Prevalence of dental caries was 95.3% (mean DMFT of 9.5), and there was a high prevalence of untreated decayed teeth (78% of DMFT). DMFT and number of untreated decayed teeth were inversely associated with schooling. Increased number of filled teeth was identified in those with higher income levels. The presence of caries was also related with greater impact of oral conditions on quality of life.Conclusion:It was concluded that oral conditions among these adolescents are precarious, with high impact on quality of life. Social determinants were associated with oral health in this population

A saúde do adolescente privado de liberdade: um olhar sobre políticas, legislações, normatizações e seus efeitos na atuação institucional / The health of the adolescent deprived of freedom: a look at policies, laws, norms and its effects on institutional performance

O objetivo do artigo é subsidiar o debate sobre os efeitos que o conjunto de peças jurídico-administrativas e político-legislativas tem na atuação institucional e na práxis dos gestores e profissionais dos sistemas socioeducativo e de saúde. Levantaram-se e analisaram-se as leis, portarias, resoluções, normas, textos acadêmicos e institucionais que embasam e constituem a política de saúde voltada aos adolescentes infratores no Brasil. Há assimetria entre as legislações e normatizações e a realidade das unidades socioeducativas, o que torna urgente superar as barreiras de preconceito e estigmatização via investimento em recursos humanos e parcerias governamentais interinstitucionais.

The paper aims to support the debate on the effects that the set of legal, administrative and political pieces of legislation have on institutional performance and practice of managers and professionals from the socio-educational and health systems. Laws, ordinances, resolutions, regulations, academic and institutional texts were raised and analyzed that support and provide the health policy dedicated to offenders adolescents in Brazil. There is asymmetry between the laws and norms and the reality of Socio-Educational Units, which makes it urgent to overcome the barriers of prejudice and stigmatization through investment in human resources and inter-governmental partnerships.

The impact of acne vulgaris on quality of life and psychic health in young adolescents in Greece: results of a population survey / O impacto da acne vulgar na qualidade de vida e saúde psíquica em jovens adolescentes na Grécia: resultados de uma pesquisa populacional

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris can severely affect social and psychological functioning. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of acne vulgaris and its severity on Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. METHODS: We conducted a questionnaire based survey among 1560 adolescent between the ages of 11 and 19 years old and 1531 of these were completed. Adolescents with acne filled all the questions including the Children Dermatology Life Quality Index. Adolescents without acne filled the questions about age, family history of acne, stress and smoking. Data were analyzed with Pearson Chi Square test. RESULTS: Acne prevalence was 51.2% affecting both sexes equally. Self reported mild acne was present in 71.2% and moderate-severe acne in 28.8% of the study population. The mean age of the study population was 15.77y. The median score of Children Dermatology Life Quality Index was 4.02. The impact of acne on quality of life is associated with the severity of the acne (p<0.0001). Patients with moderate/severe acne experience greater psychosocial and emotional impairment (p<0.0001). Body image is modified proportionally to the severity of acne (p<0.0001). Symptoms and treatment of acne are factors that also influence their quality of life. Girls and boys are equally affected. Stress and heredity are correlated with acne and its severity (p<0.0001). We didn't find any correlation between smoking and acne. CONCLUSION: Acne affects Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. The impact is proportional to the severity of acne. More severe acne is associated with greater effect on quality of life with implications for self esteem, body image and relationships with others.

FUNDAMENTOS: Acne vulgar pode afetar seriamente o funcionamento social e psicológico. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o impacto da acne vulgar e sua gravidade na Qualidade de Vida de jovens adolescentes na Grécia. MÉTODOS: Nós conduzimos uma pesquisa baseada em questionário entre 1560 adolescentes com idades entre 11 e 19 anos e 1531 destes foram completados. Adolescentes com acne completaram todas as questões incluindo o Children Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). Adolescentes sem acne completaram as questões sobre idade, história familiar de acne, estresse e tabagismo. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de chi-quadrado de Pearson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de acne foi de 51.2%, afetando igualmente ambos os sexos. O auto relato de acne leve estava presente em 71.2% e de acne moderada a grave em 28.8% da população. A idade média da população em estudo foi de 15.77 anos. O escore médio do Children Dermatology Life Quality Index foi de 4.02. O impacto da acne na Qualidade de Vida está associado à gravidade da acne (p<0.0001). Pacientes com acne moderada/grave experimentam maior piora psico-social e emocional (p<0.0001). A imagem corporal é modificada proporcionalmente à gravidade da acne (p<0.0001). Sintomas e tratamento da acne são fatores que também influenciam sua qualidade de vida. Meninas e meninos são afetados igualmente. Estresse e hereditariedade estão correlacionados à acne e sua gravidade (p<0.0001). Nós não encontramos nenhuma correlação entre tabagismo e acne. CONCLUSÃO: Acne afeta a qualidade de vida de jovens adolescentes na Grécia. O impacto é proporcional à gravidade da acne. A acne mais grave está associada a um maior efeito na qualidade de vida com implicações na auto-estima, imagem corporal e relacionamento com outros.